|
Reflex |
Time to disappear (month) |
|
Moro |
6 |
|
Grasp |
2 |
|
Plantar Capture |
10 |
|
Tonic Neck |
7 |
|
Search |
It disappears after 1 month. |
|
Sucking |
4 awake, 7 asleep |
HbF Intrauterine sixth month 90%, 70% at birth. HbF is below 2% in normal children and adults.
Postpartum air fills the small intestines within 2-12 hours and the large intestines within 24 hours.
Term body water ratio is 70% in preterms and 80-85%.
The first sense to develop in the fetus is smell.
In a term baby:
• Body temperature 36.5-37 °C.
• Length 50 cm
• Weight 3300 g
• Head circumference 35 cm
• Pulse 120-160/min.
• Blood pressure arterial 80/50 mmHg.
• Respiration rate is 30-60/min.
The diameter of the anterior fontanel is 1-4 cm at birth and closes in 10-12 months (3-24 months). The posterior fontanel closes in the first 6-8 weeks.
Weight
Birth weight doubles in the fifth month - 3 times the birth weight in the twelfth month - 4 times the birth weight in the twenty-fourth month.
Height
Newborns are 1.5 times the length at birth in the first year - twice the length of newborns at 4 years old - 3 times as long as newborns 12-13 years old.
Preterm infants begin to gain weight within 4-7 days and reach their birth weight on the 14th day.
Fully-mature neonates lose weight in the first week and reach their birth weight within 10 days.
Blood volume: 100-110 ml/kg in the premature infant, 85-100 ml/kg in the mature.
Physiological anemia: It occurs in premature infants at 4-6 weeks, and in full maturity at 8-12 weeks
Acrocyanosis: normal in the first 48 hours.
Paleness: an indication of: anemia, asphyxia, shock or edema.
Most common unpleasant skin finding: toxic erythema
Cutis marmoratus is one of the pathological and Non-Pathological dermatological findings
Harlequin discoloration: It is an unsatisfactory result of the skin due to the immaturity of the vasomotor centers.
Skin symptome that means a bad alarm for neonates with sepsis: Sclerem
The most common cause of large head: hydrocephalus
Leukocoria in the newborn: the most common cause is congenital cataract
If umbilicus has not fallen within 14 days: consider hypothyroidism, F-XIII deficiency, and leukocyte adhesion defects.
The most common cause of abdominal masses in newborns: kidney disease
Single umbilical artery: the most common associated anomaly is renal malformations, the most common associated syndrome is trisomy: 18