• Holds medium-sized arteries.
• It is common in middle-aged men.
• It may develop in the course of HBV.
• May be associated with Hairy cell leukemia.
Clinical Findings
• The most common signs and symptoms belong to the musculoskeletal system (arthritis, arthralgia, myalgia).
• Renal involvement (the most frequently involved organ is the kidney);
o Arcuate and interlobar arteries (medium-sized arteries in the kidney) are often involved.
This results in microaneurysms and renovascular hypertension.
o Proteinuria, hematuria and renal failure may develop.
o However, glomerulonephritis, which is a sign of small vessel vasculitis, is not seen.• Mononeuritis multiplex (asymmetric polyneuropathy) should come to mind first when "PAN" and "nervous system" are mentioned. Peripheral neuropathy and drop foot may develop.
• GIS pathologies (intestinal angina, intestinal infarction, perforation, bleeding, etc.) may develop due to mesenteric vessel involvement.
• On the skin; subcutaneous nodules, ulceration, digital gangrene, livedo reticularis may be seen.
• The most common cause of coronary artery vasculitis in adults is PAN. May cause myocardial infarction.
• There may be testicular tenderness and orchitis with testicular artery involvement.
• PAN; does not involve the pulmonary arteries, pulmonary capillaritis is not expected.
Diagnosis and Treatment
• Diagnosis method differs according to the involved organ. Biopsy is taken from easily accessible organs. Angiographic demonstration of microaneurysms makes the diagnosis, even if biopsy cannot be taken.
• Steroid alone is sufficient in mild cases, but steroid + cyclophosphamide should be given in severe involvement.
• The most important cause of death is gastrointestinal (infarction and perforation) and cardiovascular complications.
Vasculitis that can involve testis
Polyarteritis nodosa
Behcet 's disease
• It is common in middle-aged men.
• It may develop in the course of HBV.
• May be associated with Hairy cell leukemia.
Clinical Findings
• The most common signs and symptoms belong to the musculoskeletal system (arthritis, arthralgia, myalgia).
• Renal involvement (the most frequently involved organ is the kidney);
o Arcuate and interlobar arteries (medium-sized arteries in the kidney) are often involved.
This results in microaneurysms and renovascular hypertension.
o Proteinuria, hematuria and renal failure may develop.
o However, glomerulonephritis, which is a sign of small vessel vasculitis, is not seen.• Mononeuritis multiplex (asymmetric polyneuropathy) should come to mind first when "PAN" and "nervous system" are mentioned. Peripheral neuropathy and drop foot may develop.
• GIS pathologies (intestinal angina, intestinal infarction, perforation, bleeding, etc.) may develop due to mesenteric vessel involvement.
• On the skin; subcutaneous nodules, ulceration, digital gangrene, livedo reticularis may be seen.
• The most common cause of coronary artery vasculitis in adults is PAN. May cause myocardial infarction.
• There may be testicular tenderness and orchitis with testicular artery involvement.
• PAN; does not involve the pulmonary arteries, pulmonary capillaritis is not expected.
Diagnosis and Treatment
• Diagnosis method differs according to the involved organ. Biopsy is taken from easily accessible organs. Angiographic demonstration of microaneurysms makes the diagnosis, even if biopsy cannot be taken.
• Steroid alone is sufficient in mild cases, but steroid + cyclophosphamide should be given in severe involvement.
• The most important cause of death is gastrointestinal (infarction and perforation) and cardiovascular complications.
Vasculitis that can involve testis
Polyarteritis nodosa
Behcet 's disease