General Information
• It is the second most common cause of stroke.
• Age is among the most important risk factors.
• It is more common in men.
Bleeding settlements
• Half of the hemorrhages are in the basal ganglia (most common putamen)
• Thalamus, pons, cerebellum, white matter
Etiology
• Hypertension
• Secondary to vascular surgery
• After congenital heart disease repair surgery in children
• Physical factors (physical loading, exposure to cold..)
• Vascular anomalies
• Amyloid angiopathy (must be kept in mind in recurrent bleeding)
• Tumoral hemorrhages
• Bleeding due to coagulation disorders
• Others
Diagnosis
• Computed tomography (without contrast)
• It is the first diagnostic test.
• Magnetic resonance imaging
• It is not useful in the early period.
• It can be used for follow-up, angiopathic conditions, vascular malformations.
• Angiography
Treatment
• Medical and surgical