Amblyopia is the state of reduced vision in at least one eye during the first 8-10 years of visual maturation.
In this process, the first 3-6 months, when the cross projections between the eyes and the visual cortex on both sides, are especially critical.
The earlier the factors that cause amblyopia are revealed, the more severe the vision loss will be.
Visual Acuity Test is the first choice method in the diagnosis of amblyopia in newborns.
Amblyopia classification:
Strabismic amblyopia:
It is the most common cause of amblyopia. Its frequency increased in the preschool period.
Example: Infantile esotropia
Anisometropic amblyopia:
It is the second most common cause of amblyopia. Its incidence is increased in school-age children.
In cases where the refractive error is in one eye or there is a difference of more than 1.50-2.00 diopters between both eyes, amblyopia develops because the eye with higher refractive error will see more blurred.
Bilateral ametropic amblyopia:
If the bilateral refractive error is above 5.00 diopters in hyperopia and 10.00 diopters in myopia, amblyopia develops in both eyes.
Deprivation amblyopia:
It is caused by factors that physically prevent a clear image from reaching the retinal photoreceptors. Pathologies such as congenital ptosis, congenital corneal opacities, congenital cataracts and lid tumors can be given as examples.